Bipolar Disorder Signs

By definition, bipolar disorder includes episodes of mania and depression. These episodes can be viewed as a spectrum or a continuous range. It is important to note that both extremes may be accompanied by psychotic symptoms (although these symptoms are more common in manic episodes). Manic states are typically characterized by heightened mood, excessive and rapid speech, quick thought, brisk physical and mental activity levels, increased energy, decreased need for sleep, irritability, perceptual acuity, paranoia, heightened sexuality, and impulsivity. In hypomania, these changes are moderate and may not result in serious problems for the patient. Depressive states are usually characterized by a slowing or decrease in the following: rate of thought and speech, energy, sexuality, and ability to experience pleasure. As with mania, episode severity varies widely.

We should understand the major symptoms of manic and depressive episodes that clinicians look for when diagnosing bipolar disorder. To illustrate the "real-life" impact of this disorder, the symptoms are accompanied by descriptive quotes from real people and clinicians.